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SC/69A/SD & DNA/01
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Resource ID
20048
Access
Open
Document Number
SC/69A/SD & DNA/01
Full Title
Update on genetics of Bowhead whales using autosomal SNP genotypes and mtDNA sequences
Author
Amy B. Baird, Emily Fritsche, John Citta, John W. Bickham
Authors Summary
This paper provides an update to the bowhead genetic data presented as part of the 2018 BCB bowhead implementation review. Both mtDNA sequences and SNP genotypes from BCB, ECWG, and OKS stocks are analyzed. Here, the authors follow the 2018 SC recommendations to add ordination analyses in the form of Principal Coordinate Analyses (PCoA) to their collection of standard population genetic analyses, including Fst, AMOVA, and diversity indices. The findings from the PCoA analyses were consistent with previous findings using other methods. In general, the BCB and ECWG stocks had only low levels of differentiation (significant in some analyses and not in others), whereas the OKS stock was more distinct (significant across all analyses).
Publisher
IWC
Publication Year
2023
Abstract
This report analyzes mtDNA sequence data and SNP genotypes to examine stock structure in bowhead whales, Balaena mysticetus, with an emphasis on points brought up during the 2018 bowhead implementation review. The focus of the study is the Bering-Chukchi-Beaufort Seas (BCB) stock, with fewer samples from the Eastern Canadian Arctic (ECWG) and Sea of Okhotsk (OKS) used for comparison. mtDNA data includes sequences from the HVR1 portion of the control region, cytochrome-b, and ND1 totaling 2494 bp. The SNP panel, described in Baird et al. (2017), contains 69 autosomal loci (analyzed here) and 7 sex chromosome markers (to be used in future studies). Population genetic analyses indicate that the BCB and ECWG populations are not highly differentiated, but statistically significantly different using the SNP loci. In contrast, the OKS population is easily distinguishable from both BCB and ECWG for both mtDNA haplotype frequencies and the SNP loci. These results are consistent with previous studies based on mtDNA control region sequences, focal microsatellites, and a smaller SNP panel.